HISTORY OF THE HOLOCAUST – TIME LINE
1933
- The Nazi party takes power in Germany. Adolf Hitler becomes chancellor, or prime minister of Germany.- Nazis ‘temporarily’ suspend civil liberties
– The Nazis set up the first concentration camp at Dachau. The first inmates are 200 Communists.
– Books with ideas considered dangerous to Nazi beliefs are burned.
1934
- Hitler combines the positions of chancellor and president to become ‘Fuhrer’ or leader of Germany.’
– Jewish newspapers can no longer be sold in the streets.
1935
- Jews are deprived of their citizenship and other basic rights.
– The Nazis intensify the persecution of political people that donÕt agree with his philosophy.
1936
- Nazis boycott Jewish-owned business.
– The Olympic Games are held in Germany; signs barring Jews are removed until the event is over.
– Jews no longer have the right to vote.
1938
- German troops annexed Austria.
– On Kristallnacht, the ‘Night of Broken Glass,’ Nazis terrorized Jews throughout Germany and Austria – 30,000 Jews are arrested.
– Jews must carry id cards and Jewish passports are marked with a “J.”
– Jews no longer head businesses, attend plays, concerts, etc.;
all Jewish children are moved to Jewish schools.
– Jewish businesses are shut down; they must sell businesses and hand over securities and jewels.
– Jews must hand over drivers’s licenses and car registrations.
– Jews must be in certain places at certain times.
1939
- Germany takes over Czechoslovakia and invades Poland.
– World War II begins as Britain and France declare war on Germany.
– Hitler orders that Jews must follow curfews; Jews must turn in radios to the police; Jews must wear yellow stars of David.
1940
Nazis begin deporting German Jews to Poland.
– Jews are forced into ghettos.
– Nazis begin the first mass murder of Jews in Poland.
-Jews are put into concentration camps.
1941
Germany attacks the Soviet Union.
– Jews throughout Western Europe are forced into ghettos.
-Jews may not leave their houses without permission form the police.
-Jews may no longer use public telephones.
1942
- Nazi officials discuss the ‘Final Solution’ – their plan to kill all European Jews – to the government officials.
-Jews are forbidden to: subscribe to newspapers; keep dogs, cats, birds, etc; keep electrical equipment including typewriters; own bicycles; buy meat, eggs, or mild; use public transportation; attend school.
1943
- February: About 80 to 85 percent of the Jews who would die in the Holocaust have already been murdered.
1944
- Hitler takes over Hungary and begins deporting 12,000 Hungarian Jews each day to Auschwitz where they are murdered.
1945
- Hitler is defeated and World War II ends in Europe.
– The Holocaust is over and the death camps are emptied.
– Many survivors are placed in displaced persons facilities.
1946
- An International Military Tribunal (Judicial assembly) is created by Britain, France,the United States, and the Soviet Union.
– At Nuremburg, Nazi leaders are tried for war crimes by the above Judicial assembly.
1947
- The United Nations establishes a Jewish homeland in British-controlled Palestine, which becomes the State of Israel in 1948.